Ensino de estatística no ensino médio: possibilidades indicadas em materiais didáticos aprovados pelo PNLD/2021

Abstract

This research aims to analyze how teaching materials (textbooks and works on integrative projects in the area of Mathematics and its Technologies) intended for High School, approved by the PNLD, address the teaching of Statistics, verifying whether the proposed situations favor the development of literacy, reasoning and statistical thinking, as well as the performance of statistical investigations. The analysis was based on assumptions of statistical competencies, the theory of Semiotic Representation Records and the investigative cycle. The study, of a qualitative nature, followed principles of Content Analysis. Regarding the textbooks, it was observed that, although they follow the guidelines of the BNCC, the distribution of skills related to Statistics is unbalanced, with emphasis on skills EM13MAT102 and EM13MAT316. [...] The research proposes that, if textbooks and integrative projects are used in an articulated manner, with adjustments so that students carry out all stages of the investigative cycle, and with the activities of the textbooks complementing the process, it will be possible to overcome the isolated and disjointed approach to these activities. To this end, an analysis protocol was organized, with the aim of assisting teachers, researchers and textbook authors in implementing an investigative practice in the teaching of Statistics. [...] The research reaffirms that teaching materials should go beyond simply explaining BNCC skills, incorporating an approach that effectively guides the teaching of Statistics, with investigation as the structuring axis of this process.