A questão dos refugiados somalis no Quênia do ditador Siad Barre (1991-2013)

Abstract

Due to the fall of the then dictator Siad Barre, in 1991, the Somali state collapsed. Since then, the country plunged into a civil war that lasts until the present and no authority is able govern the country effectively due the struggle for power, especially by the group Al-Shabaab. Two United Nations peacekeeping operations were also deployed in Somalia in the 1990s, but both failed and currently, in the country, there is one African Union Mission (AMISOM) and one UN Assistance Mission (UNSOM). In addition, Somalia is a state that can't provide to its people their basic rights, which end up in charge of international organizations and nongovernmental organizations, which face many obstacles to get help them. This situation, allied to long periods of drought that affect the region provokes a massive wave of flight of thousands of people, mainly to neighboring countries, such as Ethiopia, Yemen and Kenya. This last is home to more than half of refugees from Somalia, which has caused great damage to this country, which also faces great difficulties to manage. Facing this situation, the Kenyan government has taken actions with respect to this amount of refugees that entering in the country every day, even keeping closed its borders with Somalia since 2007. Kenya is a signatory country of the main instruments that governing the protection of human person, so theoretically should be in accordance with these instruments. Therefore, based on the above considerations, this study aims to analyze the reality of Somali refugees in Kenya, explaining about the impacts of these in the country as well as its consequences for the Kenya-Somali relations.