Avaliação in itinere de política pública: o plano municipal de educação de São Borja em movimento

Abstract

In this dissertation, inserted in the broad spectrum of themes that make up education, the object of study is the Municipal Education Plan - PME of the municipality of São Borja-RS, a majority public policy whose benefits can be enjoyed by the whole community, having costs, too, borne by all. Municipal Law nº 5,039, of July 1, 2015, which approves the PME, is in force for ten years and, in this period (from 2015 to 2025), intends to change the status quo, with regard to education offered at the local level. This claim prompted the response to the following problem: “What is the effectiveness (impact) of the PME for improving the quality of education in the municipality of São Borja-RS?” In order to elucidate this questioning, a general objective was outlined, namely: “To evaluate the Municipal Education Plan - PME of São Borja-RS, in the period between 2015 and 2019”. In order to achieve this objective, an applied research was developed, in which combined qualitative and quantitative research were used to address the problem and, due to the need to explain it, the exploratory research of the case study type was chosen, through an in itinere evaluation (follow-up/monitoring), using the bibliographic survey as a procedure for data collection. Also, it was necessary to make use of secondary data from the databases of the Ministry of Education - MEC, the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira - INEP and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, among others. Furthermore, with regard to the on-the-spot evaluation of the SME of São Borja-RS, properly speaking, the use of the “Municipal Education Plan Monitoring Form” proposed by MEC to assess the execution of the strategies and indicators used by the INEP to monitor the National Education Plan - PNE, according to the “Report on the 2nd Cycle of Monitoring the Goals of the National Education Plan - 2018”. In the development of the dissertation, two stages of the public policy cycle are approached: execution and monitoring, which are presented in two different ways: a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical framework highlights execution, as the effective implementation of the policy, and monitoring, as a process of supervising the progress of strategic activities, as well as measuring results in relation to the established goals. The in itinere evaluation, one of the practical activities inherent to the public policy professional, shows the monitoring of the PME of the municipality of São Borja-RS whose most relevant results indicate that, of the total of 20 goals, only five were achieved. They are: goal 9 - Literacy (15 years or more), goal 13 - Higher education (proportion of masters and doctors), goal 14 - Postgraduate, goal 18 - Basic education (career plans and salary floor) and goal 19 - Democratic management. Regarding the execution of the strategies related to the 20 SME goals, it appears that, out of a total of 240 strategies, only 30 (12.5%) were successfully implemented, another 97 (40.4%) were partially achieved and 111 (46.3%) were not achieved, in addition to two strategies (0.8%) considered impossible to be evaluated. Finally, in the final considerations, due to several corrections that are necessary, it is argued about the pressing need for rectification of the municipality's PME or, even, for the repeal of Municipal Law 5,039/2015, with the due substitution by a new Plan that contains a more appropriate text, in the sense of presenting feasible goals and strategies, which must be in line with the PNE, but considering the local reality.