Interferência de metabólitos secundários de Trichoderma spp. na germinação de sementes de soja sanitizadas e fungos encontrados na espermosfera

Abstract

In soybean among the main factors limiting the yield of soybean fungal diseases are among the most important and difficult to control. The use of contaminated seeds, originating from different areas of production, has been one of the most important causes for the introduction and rise of new diseases or physiological races of pathogens. Trichoderma spp. has been gaining momentum and being used as an alternative in the treatment of seeds of various crops for medical purposes and development of plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interference of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma spp. germination of soybean seeds sanitized and fungi transmitted by seeds. For this study, two isolates (TI1 and TM1) of Trichoderma spp. and performed the following tests and experiments: the pattern of seed germination of the soybean cultivars FUNDACEP 61RR and 57RR, isolation of fungi transmitted by seeds, interference of metabolites in the development of fungus transmitted by seeds, seed sanitization using different immersion times in sodium hypochlorite and interference from non-volatile metabolites of Trichoderma spp. the germination of soybean seeds. As results were found fungi: Aspergillus spp, Cladosporium spp and Penicillium spp. in soybean seeds and there was no interference of volatile metabolites from two isolates of Trichoderma spp. inhibiting the mycelial growth of Aspergillus spp, Cladosporium spp and Penicillium spp conveyed soybean seeds, and the metabolites isolated TI1 inhibited seed germination of the soybean cultivars FUNDACEP 61RR and 57RR while the TM1 inhibited germination of cultivar 57RR. Therefore, secondary metabolites released by Trichoderma spp. tested, interfere with development of Aspergillus spp, Cladosporium spp and Penicillium spp transmitted by seeds and isolated TI1 inhibits the germination of the seeds, while the TM1 only inhibited germination of cultivar 57RR.