O papel da educação no processo de desenvolvimento: uma análise dos institutos técnicos federais do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

In this paper, two notions of development were approached, an orthodox one based only on economic growth and a heterodox, coined in the multiplicity of factors that constitute the development process. In both notions, the presence of Professional Education as an intrinsic element to development is perceived, with the differentiation between them in the functionality factor. For the orthodox notion, the education has an unique function of training manpower, while for the heterodox, there is an increase in citizen formation. This educational model dates back to 1906, undergoing changes throughout history, culminating in the current Federal Technological Education Network. Given this scenario, greater emphasis was placed on one of the constituent bodies of this network, evidenced in the initial concern: Does the Federal Institutes of Technical and Technological Education differ from Technological Centers when analyzed from the notions of development? As a means of responding to the proposed problem, it was defined as a general objective to analyze which notion of development guides the proposal of education provided by the Federal Institutes in Rio Grande do Sul. For this, a descriptive-comparative study was carried out, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, applying as a research technique the collection of secondary data in electronic repositories of public agencies, such as the Ministry of Education, Federal Institutes, in addition to conducting a wide bibliographic review, including authors dealing with the theme of education and development and the relevant legislation. From the results obtained, it stands out that from 1906 to 2008, the link between Technical Education and the orthodox perception of development is clear, while from the creation of the Federal Institutes, from the chosen methodology, there are not enough elements to affirm that the Federal Institutes of Technical and Technological Education differ from Technological Centers when analyzed from the notions of development.